L/C Letter of Credit 信用证
L/C is a reliable and safe method of payment, facilitating trade with
unknown buyers and giving protection to both sellers and buyers.
为跟不了解的买方做贸易，采用信用证结汇十分方便，可以保护
买卖双方利益
1. The issuance of a L/C starts with the buyer who instructs his
bank to open a credit ( issue an L/C ) in favor of the seller for
the amount of the purchase.
先由买方指示其银行开信用证，收款方开卖方
2. The buyer's bank ( opening bank ) sends the L/C to its
correspondent in the seller's country, giving instructions
about the amount of the credit, the beneficiary, the currency,
the documents required and other special instructions.
买方银行（开证行）将信用证开到其在卖方国家相应的议付行，
指示信用证金额，受益方，币种，所需的单据文件以及其它
特殊要求
3. Upon receipt of the L/C, the correspondent advises the seller
of the same immediately.
议付行收悉信用证后应随即如实通知卖方
4. The seller deals with the correspondent bank and prepares for
the shipment of the buyer's order.
卖方与议付行接洽后即准备出运买方的定单货载
5. After shipment, the seller presents the relative shipment
documents to the bank, which should be clearly marked with
‘On board MV xxx' together with a bill of exchange (汇票) drawn
on the opening bank.
货载出运后，卖方将相关的盖有‘On Board MVxxx'字样的
货载单证连同带有开证行抬头的汇票一并交议付行
6. The correspondent bank pays the money to the seller when
documents presented are found to be in order.
议付行经验证卖方单据完整无误后即向卖方结汇
7. The correspondent bank then sends all the shipping documents to
the buyer's bank, which, in turn, passes them to the buyer, who
finally reimburses the correspondent bank through the buyer's bank.
议付行然后将所有的货载单据转给买方银行，买方银行再转交给
买方；买方最终通过买方银行向议付行支付
to meet the applicable L/C requirements 以满足信用证要求
L/G Letter of Guarantee 银行保函
L/I Letter of Indemnity 赔偿保证书
Opening （Issuing）Bank at importers place 开（信用）证行
Advising （Notifying）Bank at exporters place 通知行
Paying （Drawee）Bank at exporters place 付款行
Negotiating Bank A bank named in the credit；examines the documents
and certifies to the issuing bank that the terms are
complied with。 议付行
